გრიგოლ ორბელიანის რუსულენოვანი წერილების დიალოგური სპეციფიკა

Abstract

Communication is the exchange of information between individuals through a common system of symbols. The epistolary genre has a special place in written communication. Nineteenth century Georgian literature is rich in interpersonal epistolary samples of Georgian writers. Grigol Orbeliani is the author of numerous personal letters. The writer’s epistles are written in Georgian and Russian. The letters contain dialogues of historical fi gures that must be used in the creation of psychological portraits of these people. The specifi cs of the epistolary communication of the era of Grigol Orbeliani give us an interesting and multifaceted material for the historical-political, cultural and worldview research of this period. So researching each letter and seeing it from a diff erent angle is an endless process. Each linguistic model has its style and characteristics of epistolary dialogue production. Therefore, it is interesting to study Grigol Orbeliani’s letters in Russian and to highlight the main nuances that distinguish these letters from Georgian epistles. An interesting and in-depth study of the specifi c features of Georgian dialogic speech belongs to Dr. Rusudan Zekalashvili, Doctor of Humanities. According to the scholar, the epistolary dialogues of the Georgian content are full of greetings and apologies. Often contain units of phatic communication, thanksgiving, apology, and farewell. As for the offi cial-business dialogues, they are characterized by the lack of strict regulations of the phases of the conversation, the absence of a sharp diff erence with the everyday conversations, the frequency of the episodes, jokes, anecdotes. Intense gestures are used. There is an undisguised expression of kindness and joy. (See Zekalashvili. R., Georgian Dialogue Speech. 2006. p. 16). If we look at Grigol Orbeliani’s personal letters in Georgian, we will agree with Rusudan Zekalashvili. Grigol Orbeliani’s letters to Georgian family members and relatives are received with warm greetings and end with warm farewells and greetings. The Russian-language epistles of the writer mainly coincide with the period of his work in the Russian army, 1834-1857, and these letters are of an offi cial-business style. In the case of formal-business style, Orbeliani is less emotional than in the dialogue between loved ones and family members. The addressees of his letters are mainly military men in positions of authority above Grigol, so the letters sent to them show the greatest modesty. Here we see a refl ection of historical events. Grigol Orbeliani mentions the battles and describes each military action in detail. The letters also show the greed of Grigol Orbeliani’s military strategist. In the letters, Grigol asks Mikhail Vorontsov to award military ranks, money and gifts to the soldiers and locals fi ghting against Shamil’s detachments, to motivate the youth. (Epistolary heritage of Georgian writers of XIX-XX centuries. Vol. IV. - Grigol Orbeliani. (Part III); Tbilisi 2013; p. 11). The letters to the Russian military offi cials are like a report by which Gr. Orbeliani provides them with information about their current military activities. The letters have an offi cial look. No greetings and farewells. This is undoubtedly due to their offi cial nature. The addressee does not consider such a beginning and end necessary for a formal business style. Grigol Orbeliani praises the military, although these praises are also highly measured. Thus, the etiquette part of Grigol Orbeliani’s personal letters - the beginning and the end - has its specifi c features, which the poet always follows. Orbeliani is always polite to the recipients of his personal cards and shows respect to his relatives, while in offi cial documents he maintains a businesslike, strict style.