იაკობ გოგებაშვილის საბავშვო მოთხრობები

Abstract

Children’s literature in Georgian literature was based on scientifi c foundations by Iakob Gogebashvili. Iakob Gogebashvili’s talent not only manifested itself in practical and theoretical pedagogical activity but also was able to express itself in the fi eld of literature, in particular, in children’s writing. The themes of Iakob Gogebashvili’s artistic work are defi ned by pedagogical tasks and have didactic content, contain scientifi c knowledge and have a cognitive and aesthetic value. Iakob Gogebashvili’s work is based on his national concept. According to Iakob Gogebashvili, a teenager can be interested in material that is substantially close to his experience. We should start teaching the young adult the environment that is closest to him. He is interested in familiar nature, plants, animals, birds… Gogebashvili’s stories, along with their cognitive function, have a distinct, ethical purpose. The purpose of stories intended for children is to evoke a sense of compassion, love, kindness; Do not steal - preaches one story (“Sandro and the Apple”), do not treat the helpless badly, do not mistreat others, calm your anger, do not commit irreparable action. Iakob Gogebashvili’s ethical-cognitive interests also include what your impatience can do to you and then to others (“Victim of Impatience”). The story “Sacrifi ce for the Enemy” teaches a teenager to love not only his neighbour but also the enemy, to be kind towards him. Such are the moral norms that the writer preaches in his stories. Often the writer gives moral lessons to boys with the help of the animals and birds. For children, such examples are very eff ective, as the behaviours of animals and birds are closer to the nature of children. Some of Iakob Gogebashvili’s stories are fables. This parable also gradually acquaints adults with the ability to transfer artistic thought from one series of events to another; gradually they show an artistic generalization. The world of nature, animals, birds are not only found in the Gogebashvili’s prose, but also with the master of the embodiment of this world, the genius Vazha-Pshavela. If in Vazha’s brilliant stories the boundless play of fantasy captivates the reader, if with Vazha birds and animals celebrate the jubilee, “they celebrate the wedding, they eat like people, they drink toasts like people and sing a song”, Iakob Gogebashvili, based on scientifi c knowledge, shows the instincts of animals and birds, their natural skills and abilities, their behaviours and actions, as children naturally imagine it. The actions and behaviours of animals and birds embodied by the writer are as close as possible to human behaviours and actions, nor have their natural properties been altered, which leads to great persuasiveness and at the same time, responds to the interests of adults. Iakob Gogebashvili, while writing short stories and compiling reading books for boys, was guided by the idea that he should give as much attractive force as possible to the narrative material, so that, on the one hand, it would be interesting and, on the other hand, enrich a child’s mind.