ძირნაკლი სიტყვაფორმები ქართულში

Abstract

An unusual production word forms (stems) are confi rmed in Georgian language, where production elements are presented only as affi xes, but the root is not visible. Several root-defect stems were identifi ed by Arnold Chikobava (Chikobava, 1938) and by Bakar Gigineishvili (Gigineishvili, 2016). Also, in last years several root-defect word forms were presented (Abashia, 2017; 2021): 1. m-da-b-al-i (low) 2. u-da-re-s-i (less) 3. a-is-i (Sunrise) 4. da-is-i (Sunset) 5. ga-re (Outside) 6. ga-re-ul-i (Wild) 7. ga-re-gan-i (External) 8. ga-re-sh-e (Without) 9. ga-r-s-i (Membrane) 10. ga-re-mo (Environment) 11. ga-r-she-mo( Around) 12. ga-re-tsar-i (Immoral) 13. mi-da-mo (Vicinity) 14. shi-n, shi-na (Home) 15. shi-na-ur-i(Domestic) 16. shi-g, shi-ga, shig-n-it (Inside) 17. shi-na-ga-ni (Internal) 18. s-ul (All) 19. tsar-s-ul-i (Past) 20. tsa-s-ul-i (Went), mo-s-ul-i (Come)… We propose that in this series of word forms we should imply the following root-defect stems 21. ze-mo; ze-v-it; ze-da; ze-na (Upper) u-ze-na-e-si (Supreme) 22. u-ze-na-e-si (God) 23. ze-gard-mo (Divine) 24. ze-gan-i (Plateau) 25. ze-re; ze-re-le (Superfi cial) 26. ze-tsa-ri(Sheet) 27. tsi-n (Forward); tsi-na (In front of); tsi-na-she (Before); tsi-na-s-tsar (Beforehand) 28. ga-mo; ga-mo-is-ob-it (Because)… In our opinion, in analytical stems, roots are not confi rmed, but proper root access in forms reconstructed as archetypes, is natural. We also think, such a root is the Val root of verb, loss of which resulted in the root-defect stems. Segmentation of the presented stems into diff erent affi xes and the lack of proper root and the validity of the reconstruction will be considered in the paper.