Abstract:
The Turkic languages throughout their development have always
been characterized by vowelfullness, which is preserved at the present
stage of development in the words of the Turkic origin. The
pronunciation of two or more consonants at the beginning of a syllable
is an irresistible moment of articulation for people of Turkish origin
and because of this, words of Turkic origin do not contain the syllable
CCV(C). At the same time, two consonants at the end of a syllable are
not uncommon in both borrowed and Turkish words, cf. the very name
of the people is Türk; that is, two consonants are not unussual at the
end of a syllable).
The adaptation of borrowed words beginning with consonant
complexes (two or more consonants) in Turkish is carried out in two
ways – either by prothesis or epenthesis. In the report we will discuss
some prothesis facts.
Prothesis < Greek prothesis ‘to put in front’ is the appearance
of an additional sound (both consonant and vowel) at the absolute
beginning of a word. In the case of Turkic languages, one of the narrow
vowels (i, ı, ü, u) is an additional sound. At the beginning of a syllable,
a narrow vowel is added before a two-consonant word and forms a
new syllable with the fi rst consonant of the compound. For example:
Russian stakan – Azerbaijanian istakan’glass’; French statistics – Turkish
istatistik ‘statistics’, Italian skonto – Turkish iskonto ‘discount’, English
stop – Turkish istop ‘to stand’’ and others.
In the Grand Registry of the province of Gurjistan (1595), we met two
Georgian toponyms in the prothetic Türkish form: انزمنده است İstefānzmnda<
Georgian /stephanc’minda/, and the skarebi was similarl اسكارب İskárb.
Here we will dwell on the case of prothesis, when a narrow vowel is
added to the root, a new syllable is formed, although the word does not
begin with two consonants, but with one, namely the consonant /r/.
Turkish words do not start with /r/: Rum- Urum “Greek”; Ital. robe –
Turk. urba ‘clothes, clothing, dress’. Arabic rub’ – ربع Türk. urup ‹(one)
quarter› etc.
