Unemployment and poverty in Georgia (უმუშევრობა და სიღარიბე საქართველოში)

Abstract

Overcoming unemployment and ensuring effective employment of able-bodied population is a key task of any state's macroeconomic policy. Unemployment not only in Georgia but all over the world considered as the most difficult socio-economic event, phenomenon, without overcoming this problem its impossible efficient functioning of the economy. The social and economic consequences of unemployment in any country of the world are considered along with such important global problems as, poverty and social stability. Unemployment is the most acute socio-economic problem and current challenge in Georgia. It appears a major contributing factor to poverty in the country. Unemployment is high in both urban and rural areas. Among unemployed population is dominated by youth and people with higher education. Long-term (chronic) unemployment brings significant negative social and economic consequences for the society, which is adequately reflected in the overall process of economic development, also on the standard of living and quality of life on the country's population, on the health of each individual, on behaviour, on character, on mood, psyche, general physical and spiritual condition. In the paper presented depth research of unemployment as an important macroeconomic category, socio-economic phenomenon, discussed methodological bases of labour force, unemployment accounting (According to new standards of the International Labour Organization) and its main forms in Georgia, rated natural level of unemployment and the factors affecting on it, analyzed current state of unemployment and poverty, is studied the impact of unemployment, poverty on labour migration and the informal sector of the labour market. The final part of the paper assesses the negative socio-economic consequences of unemployment in Georgia. Naturally, studies is conducted by Georgian and foreign scientists, about on the problems in the field of labour market, employment, unemployment and social-labour relations in general which is provided and reflected in the relevant part of the paper. The monograph is intended for economic specialists, as well as for a wide range of readers interested in socio-economic problems of employment and labour relations.