ვოკალიზმის შესახებ არაბული სიტყვის ძირში

Abstract

The article shares I. Diakonov's opinion that in Semitic languages, as well as in other language families, in addition to consonants in nouns and verb roots, there was initial vocalism as well. The root had the following structure: consonant + vowel + consonant (or with reduplication). As a result of the analysis of the collected material, it is assumed that in Arabic, in the verb and, more so, in the noun forms, the ability of the transfix to participate in the structure of the root morph, along with the function of the auxiliary morph, can be seen. The above is confirmed by the presence of verb forms with different non-uniform meanings in a small group of verbs opposed by vocalism. A whole corpus of paired and triple noun forms is confirmed, where the transfix together with the root consonant conveys different lexical meanings. Most of these monosyllabic models are opposed by one vowel quality to other models. A similar picture is created by monosyllabic models with a geminate base, models with so-called with a weak consonant in the second and third root and models with a long vowel in the second syllable. As a result of borrowing lexical units from a non-Arabic language, several pairs that have no semantic connection with each other and are opposed by vocalism have been created. The revealed oppositional material with the function of the secondary, root morph of the transfixes does not contradict the synthetosemy of the Arabic auxiliary morph.