იაკობ გოგებაშვილის ,,თბილისი და სიონის ტაძარი“ და ლიტერატურული გადაძახილი ქართულ ემიგრანტულ პოეზიაში

Abstract

It is an individual will of each person to see the events or the sights of the city from his perspective. Tbilisi – which the conceived poet sees; Tbilisi – which is remembered and painted by an admired poet; Tbilisi – looking for possible ways of survival Tbilisi – where the description of fought battles or clashes is considered as a civic duty. Tbilisi – the capital city... the capital... the defeated city... Only “your” city. Society admits the existence of a number of points of view. For him it is not just the name of a particular city; it is one whole, one expressing power or will. It will fall and the value will change as well. Symbolically, he expresses the unity of these people not only in war, but also in those poems where not a single line from the legend is bent, but almost (!) It overcomes all the centuries in the same way: with heroes, enemies, with the knowledge that not only the people of Tbilisi, but Georgia in general have. In the Georgian consciousness, there is still Tbilisi of Vakhtang VI, Tbilisi of the Chavchavadzes and Orbelians, Tbilisi of Galaktioni or even Tbilisi of Grishashvili, Tbilisi of the Blues or Futurists, later Tbilisi of Lado Asatiani, and now Tbilisi missed by the emigrants. Indeed, it is not considered on this scale, but I would like to present one letter from Iakob Gogebashvili. More precisely, this is one chapter from a series of letters: “Private discussion. Eastern Georgia... Kartli”. “Tbilisi and Sioni Cathedral”, as I mentioned, does not include the above-mentioned perspective, its general title is: “Ethnographic works. Georgia and its parts”. Iakob Gogebashvili – the greatest teacher, writer of stories for children or adults, observed author of historical prose texts, ethnographic essays. He knows well what to focus the reader’s attention on and what detail to observe. Iakob Gogebashvili’s “Tbilisi and Sioni Temple”. This city is important in Kartli and this temple is unique in this city. For him, Tbilisi is “the capital of the whole Caucasus”; talks about the years of long existence: from the time of Vakhtang Gorgasali to his modern era. As it indicates, there were 250 thousand inhabitants at that time, including 70 thousand Georgians. The Persians, Arabs, Mongols, Ottomans, and others, list the incoming enemies in this order. Just list and say nothing more. The names of the various invaders already speak for themselves and at the same time imply the number of invaders invaded. Christianity and homeland were inseparable concepts for the main population of this city. However, people of other faiths did not spare their lives either. The writer gives a detailed overview of the location of the city, which in his opinion is “completely unsuitable”; he talks about the climate, schools, names a number of churches; Mtatsminda does not stand out. And here he will name two “glorious patriots” Dimitri Kipiani and Ilia Chavchavadze, as well as Alexandre Chavchavadze’s sonin- law, Griboedov. But it will only dwell on the signifi cance of the Temple of Sioni. The specifi c location, building materials, yard and surroundings are described with amazing accuracy. This ethnographic description is important in many ways in the future and Iakob Gogebashvili knows this well. Self-infl icted temptation (demolition of the dome), a number of precious divine objects preserved there, but the most important – the cross of the vine. Detailed description, measurement, its history... You read this small essay and a big story is created in your mind. Faith and national symbol – this was the main reason for Georgian historical emigration. St. Nino, the Cross of the Vine – this time I will only talk about it. Immigrants have lost the country (physically) but have not lost faith and a strong sense of genetic, cultural heritage. The Georgian Orthodox Church in Paris will be named after St. Nino. Archimandrite Grigol Peradze published a magazine in the 1930s, which he called “Jvari Vazisa”. Texts written by immigrants account for how the composition is constructed, what is given priority in this or that particular case: geographical reference, emphasis on the “preference” of a small country, or fi nding a context understandable to Europeans. In the article, we will talk about the literary texts and letters of Grigol Robakidze, the poetic works by Simon Berezhiani and Giorgi Kipiani published in Berlin and France. These works are signifi cant not only in terms of emigrants but also in terms of national literature research.