პოეტური თარგმანის თავისებურებები (ოსიპ მანდელშტამის ლექსის „ფეოდოსია“ ქართული თარგმანის მაგალითზე)

Abstract

In the early twentieth century, Feodosiya became an impetus for the creative work of many artists and writers. Among them was Osip Mandelstam, a Russian writer of Jewish descent. In 1920, he dedicated the poem Feodosiya to Feodosiya, and later (1923-1924) in the stories - Начальник порта, Старухина птица, Бармы закона (Harbor Master, Old Woman’s Bird, Barmas of the Law) - reflected the life of this city. In 2004, the Georgian-Jewish poet and translator, Jemal Ajiashvili, published a collection of translations, “In the Shadow of the Stars”. The collection includes Georgian translations of poems by Italian, English, Japanese, German and Russian poets, including Osip Mandelstam. In the presentation we will discuss one of Osip Mandelstam's poems “Feodosiya” translated by J. Ajiashvili. It should be noted that the translator has an interesting understanding of the artistic world of the Jewish poet, preserves the form of the original, deeply depicts Mandelstam's poetics, creates a subtle, highly poetic rhythm and maintains the emotion and mood of the original poem. Nevertheless, in translation we find different types of lexical transformations (differentiation of meanings, concretization, generalization and complete transformation). Jemal Ajiashvili is clearly a translator of individual style, which has been repeatedly pointed out by Georgian scholars (D. Panjikidze, K. Danelia, G. Petriashvili). The echo of his style can also be found in this translation.