Searching for new paradigms in economics (comments on James K. Galbraith’s article “what is economics? A policy discipline for the real world”) (ეკონომიკსის ახალი პარადიგმების ძიება (კომენტარები ჯეიმს კ. გელბრეიტის სტატიაზე „რა არის ეკონომიკსი? პოლიტიკური დისციპლინა რეალური მსოფლიოსთვის“))

Abstract

Current processes in the world - globalization of the economy, digitalization, the emergence and development of the global financial and economic crisis, the coronomic crisis caused by Covid 19, etc. puts on the agenda the need to create paradigms of the “new” economics, fundamentally different from the “old”, orthodox, neoclassical-neoliberal economics. This is an extremely difficult task, as there are many mental barriers, that prevent researchers from rejecting long-established stereotypes in economic science and inertial economic thinking. Naturally, overcoming these obstacles requires quite a lot of time and effort. The famous American economist James K. Gelbraith’s article can be considered as one of the most successful steps in this direction, which offers an interesting and original analysis about certain aspects of the theoreticalmethodological basis of the “new” economics. The article contains interesting analysis of many issues from the fields of theoretical economics, economic policy, history of economic thought, micro and macro economics and sharp, argumentative critique of the mainstream neoclassical theory; Assess the role of the “real” economy in the development and implementation of effective economic policies; Distinguish and characterize the concept of “useful” economist; Determining the cognitive potential of different theoretical-economic directions in terms of developing new theoretical paradigms and substantiate the need to regulate the market economy.