სახარებისეული ალუზია ქართულ ისტორიულ საბუთებში

Abstract

Georgian historical sources are important in regards of the source study and historiography. Historical diplomas carry both theological and literary information and give the room for trophological analysis. An allusion of one episode from John’s Testament is used in several Georgian historical documents as a formula peculiar to “written” (datserili in Georg.) and for “diploma” (sigeli in Georg.) styles. The purpose of allusion does not have any historical value. A structural-compositional form of historical documents has been shaped in the process of their development, which was taken into account while working on each of them. God, His hypostases, Holy Mother, angels and archangels, St. John the Baptist, St. Apostles, and all saints are always mentioned at the introduction of diploma. In this formula the allusions from the Bible developed through centuries have often been introduced. At the beginning of the historical document “Written of Phavneli to Shio- Mgvime Monastery”, dated by the second half of the 9th century, after mentioning of God, St. John the Baptist is mentioned: “who leant on God’s chest”. This could be only said about St. John the Evangelist, the source of the latter being John’s Testament (John, 13: 23, 25). Ivane Javakhishvili found this mistake and recovered the name of John the Evangelist in the text. In spite of this, the name has not been recovered and is printed in the published issues. In other documents, were this allusion from the Testament is confirmed, namely, in the following documents: “Written to Shio-Mgvime Monastery” of Chiaber dated by 1189 and “Written of Qaqana to Qvatakhevi Monastery”, dated by the end of the 13th century, the correct version is reflected and the phrase “who was leant on God’s chest” refers to John the Evangelist.