აღზრდისა და რწმენის მიმართების საკითხისათვის ილია ჭავჭავაძის შემოქმედებაში

Abstract

In the 1860s, Ilia Chavchavadze and other Georgians of the era felt the need to reform the life in the Georgian reality. On the way towards this goal the problems of proper nurture and education received special attention, since it is essential for progress that the society develops as new methods of nurture are implemented. These issues take an imperative part in the literary legacy of Ilia Chavchavadze as well, in his fictional, as well as in his theoretical works. In these works the issues of nurture, education, and the general problem regarding the formation of personality are discussed in different aspects. One of the aspects of discussion is the role of faith in the issue of personality formation, which is discussed in his letters on the basis of his early works – “Glakhis Naambobi [Memories of a Peasant]” and a poem of a programmatic nature “Kartlis Deda [Mother of Kartli].” The basis of Ilia Chavchavadze’s creative works is Christian ethics. However, for Ilia Chavchavadze this is not a simple collection of ethical norms, this is a vivid way of life, a form for the relationship of people with the universe, created by faith. Such attitude from the writer is further proven on the basis of the analysis if the works mentioned above. Ilia Chavchavadze saw the topic of nature and nurture to be of essential importance even in the early drafts of “Glakhis Naambobi [Memories of a Peasant].” However, he completely changed the form of expression for these issues in fiction and brought in a memorable character of a priest in the role of an ideal teacher, the method of which is the practical representation of his views expressed in his theoretical work “Pedagogiis Sapudzvlebshi [In the basis of Pedagogy].” This is a moral upbringing based on teachings of faith which, in turn, serves as the basis for the formation of Gabriel’s personality. The striking nature of the character of the priest in “Glakhis Naambobi [Memories of a Peasant]” is a result of his vivid faith, which empowers this character to become a living example of morality for the surrounding people through his lifestyle. The great writer wishes to underline the statement that faith is an essential component of upbringing, and without faith it is impossible to form a personality. Regarding the issues of nurture and education, Ilia Chavchavadze’s poem of programmatic nature “Kartlis Deda [Mother of Kartli]” is also important, as it embodies the entire ethos of 1860s great thinkers. The mention of the “Commandment of Christ” that the author regards as the source of spiritual strength and the basis of nurture, according to Ilia Chavchavadze, is the vivid faith that empowers a person to lead a moral life, as opposed to a simple ethical doctrine. When analyzing the issues regarding the future of the country, Ilia Chavchavadze regarded elevating the spirit through the teachings of Christ as the imperative component in the upbringing of patriotic youth. He believed that only those that are guided by true, vivid faith can leave a trail of light with their lives.