Abstract:
The goal of the research of the grammar is to study morphology and syntax, the
structures and constructions of the language, that means that the research of the
grammatical forms should be based on the analysis of the form itself, the grammatical
function should be shaped on the basis of the representative data and only after that we
can consider the semantics of the particular forms. The specific character of the Georgian
verb is its polypersonal nature, Unlikely to Indo-European languages, the mechanism of
the Georgian verb was created by the Georgian analytic and synthetic mind. The
polypersonal verb mandatorily contains vowel prefixes and the organized order of the
grammatical signs; the markers of the polypersonality take the place in the verb
microstructure after the personal markers. These markers are the vowel prefixes: a-, e, i-
,u- from which the vowel prefix a- demonstrates the correlation with all the objects
included in the verb construction (m/g-a-laṗarakebs) first diathesis, while the same
function in the second Diathesis is based on the vowel prefix e- (m/g/-e-laṗarakeba).
The prefix i- in the both Diathesis is connected with the speaker – the first and the
second person.
Within the monopersonal construction (in this case, it is not the marker borrowed
from the subjective version active forms. In French, this same function is fulfilled by the
reflexive pronouns, in Russian – by the suffix that has developed from the reflexive
pronoun via modification/shortening (sebya (self)>-sya)). In the construction with the
direct object though, the same prefix i- fulfills the function of subjective orientation. The
correlation with the 3rd person is marked by the vowel prefix u- (uḳetebs/uḳetdeba).
