ენათშორისი პარემიული მოდელების ეკვივალენტობის განსაზღვრისათვის /არაბული და ქართული მასალის შეპირისპირებითი ანალიზის მაგალითზე/

Abstract

As is known, paroemia (here, proverbial) stock (received during the whole historical development of the people that created it) belong to phenomenological reality. By means of proverbs, the given ethnos “records figuratively the regularities of life” (Ar.Taylor). It falls within the system of the “imagined communities” (B. Anderson) unified national consciousness, which of course is expressed by each ethnos in its particular form, i.e. illustrates in its experience linked with this specific part of the universe. Therefore, it is difficult to understand fundamentally proverbs of a foreign language and to identify the relevant frames (communicative niche) of the respective general semantic domain. Accordingly, Its study implies (along with that of the language) the study of the ethnic peculiarities, the “genetic memory” and ethnopsychology of the given lingual collective, as the knowledge embedded in proverbs is a resource of the rationale of one or another ethnos, its ethnopsychic picture, existing in the form of the irrational. At present, in accordance with the challenges of the current period (in the conditions of powerful cultural expansion), paremiology poses on the global level the question of the function of the proverb language in traditional and modern culture. Scholars attach great importance to the comparative study of the evidence of different cultures, in order to obtain a united stock of international proverbs with their varied functions in different cultures. It is logical that approaches also undergo changes according to modern requirements. Obviously, the attitude to this process should be cautious and careful. The comparison of Arabic and Georgian proverbs has shown that in order to obtain accurate inter-lingual evidence it is necessary to get more extensive information than that offered by “literal” translation of the original of paroemia texts and by an attempt to search for parallels against this background. Familiarization with dictionaries of proverbs has also demonstrated that in a number of cases units understood as parallels are not exact. It is possible to gain insight into the “hidden” essence of especially profoundly metaphorical units by means of the correct cognition of the imaginary logical relations established (between objects and phenomena) in the given area of metaphorical thinking. At the same time, the consideration and comparison of foreign-language material should occur on the basis of the interpretation in the adequate “situational niche”, in order to avoid certain errors, as its correct use in written or oral communication undoubtedly requires exact knowledge of the semantic colouring and stylistic characteristics. The practice shows, that sometimes a proverb with one explicit meaning is the basis for more than one implicit meaning (proverb- homonyms). Each generalized meaning obeys a different (sometimes opposite) semantic model and naturally, situationally different context. Accordingly, for each a suitable inter-lingual equivalent (or equivalents) is identified. The presentation aims, on the example of the comparative study of Arabic and Georgian equivalent paroemia models, to interpret by what general and at the same time specific means, characteristic of each, the given wisdom is created in the given linguistic-cultural spaces – in the radically different systems of the „imagined communities”. Conclusions also cover the general theoretical aspect of the problem. The analyzed Arabic-language material, which will be presented at the time of the presentation, is obtained from the Arabic primary source, directly from the Arab informants.