კვლევის თემატიური მეთოდი და რემბოს პოეზია

Abstract

While studying the creativity of a writer, the researcher first formulates the research topic and identifies the research problem. Once the problem has been identified it allows the researcher to concentrate on the research process according to a pre-selected method, which takes the form of theoretical discourse. The results of the research greatly depend on the (correct) choice of the research method in the particular case. In the study of Rimbaud’s poetry we have used Thematic critique, which differs from other forms of hermeneutic critique in that it rejects the postulate - literature is the expression of man, society, and history; This postulate is common to new psychoanalytic and sociological critiques. But Thematic critique shares a new concept inherited from Romanticism: a literary work is, first and foremost, the discovery of invisible and hidden connections, the inspiration. The writer’s attitude towards language makes the literary text a place of invention and not an expression of oneself. Thematic critique is internal. For those who know how to read, the writer’s attitude towards the world, other people, and himself are placed entirely in the writer’s text; This is the place where the author invents himself, gets to know himself. A critic in this direction believes that he should be aware of the spiritual experiences experienced by the writer. Georges Poulet, Jean Rousseau, Jean Starobinsky, Jean-Pierre Richard, these are famous scholars who, based on the works of Gaston Bachelard, became real masters in this field. Representatives of the “Geneva School” continued to work in the same direction: A. Begen et Al. Raymond. These scholars believe that Thematic research has nothing to do with dogma, it is not formed around doctrine, but develops as a study whose starting point is intuition; It neglects the logical or formalistic conceptions of literature; The essence of the research in this direction (as we have mentioned) is to confirm the following: literature is not created on the basis of knowledge (which obviously does not completely rule it out), but on the basis of spiritual experience, for example, the famous researcher Marcel Raymond Rousseau was attracted by “mystical experience”. The aim of thematic critique is to explore the writer’s imaginary world. The topic is one specific principle, one fixed scheme or object on which the research will be based. Commentary on the story by the critic requires a special skill of intuition as well as a thorough knowledge of the research text. It should be noted that researchers working in this direction are mainly more interested in poetry. Because my research is mainly related to Rimbaud’s poetry, I naturally found the thematic research to be fruitful, and I rely mainly on it in my work. In this paper, I aimed to research what the thematic study of the text is, I have considered my task to analyse A. Rimbaud’s “Illuminations”, poetic masterpiece, which led me to the following conclusion: the attitude towards which A. Rimbaud turns to language, turning A. Rimbaud’s “Illuminations” into a place of invention; It is the place where the author imagines a whole new, unusual world, where life and movement emerge in motion, that is, where everything is petrified; Unity is seen where everything is fragmented and this state allows the poet to reveal the unspoken, the mysterious, the hidden. The suggestiveness of the situations, icons, ideas and feelings given here makes it possible to see A. Rimbaud’s “Illuminations” imaginary world. The moment of reading such a text gives the same feeling of living with an incredible sense of freedom that one feels at the moment of the creation of the creative work. When a poet so obeys language, he is given the impression that he has attained eternity. Such an unheard-of, unseen state of freedom, such excitement with a world not yet seen, which we should be able to read by suggesting the situations, icons, ideas and feelings given in this text, is probably the secret of the mysterious sense of beauty that everyone so eagerly awaits. This is the alien and disturbing reality which the poet knows in the depths of his own self and which in the twentieth- century psychology calls the unconscious. A. Rimbaud’s “Illuminations” is the foundational text of modern poetry.