Browsing by Author "Lazariashvili, Tamar"
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Item Agro tourism for economic development of related sectors and sustainable well-being (case of Georgia)(B.S.LAB, 2019) Kharaishvili, Eter; Lazariashvili, Tamar; Natsvlishvili, IaA huge number of studies point out the importance of sustainable productivity growth in global agriculture, in particular for developing economies. Often, it is considered one of the main driver of sustainable economic growth in agricultural sector. This is true for Georgia as well. Improving agricultural productivity, while conserving and enhancing natural resources, is an essential requirement for farmers to increase global food supplies on a sustainable basis. The success of developing countries in increasing agricultural productivity will have global implications in strengthening the resilience of food markets, enhancing food security, improving wellbeing and promoting sustainability. Besides the agriculture tourism sector in general have had a positive influence on output and productivity, especially in poor economies. Tourism can be one of the most important vehicle for growth and growth-related reforms in under-developed countries. However these countries have many political, institutional and economic problems that must be undressed in order to overcome vicious circle of poverty and increase the level of well-being of nations. It can play significant positive role in addressing these issues. However new and innovative approaches are needed for fostering economic growth and development in global arena and in poorest countries. Agro tourism and related sectors can be one such new way for developing countries struggling with poverty and unemployment. In agriculture the productivity of farms can be improved through economies of scale and the adoption of more technically-efficient production systems. However, long-run productivity growth for the sector as a whole requires continuous technological progress, as well as social innovations and new business models. For agriculture to respond to future challenges, innovation will not only need to improve the efficiency with which inputs are turned into outputs, but also conserve scarce natural resources and reduce waste. Agro tourism and related sectors can be based on such business models that take into consideration sustainable economic development. Given paper characterizes the potential of agro touristic areas of Georgia for sustainable economic development, analyzes advantageous geographical location, peculiarities of relief, folk diversity, etc. The article urgues that in terms of efficient use of tourism resources, it is possible to develop agroproduct and related sectors with the competitive advantage, maintain the identity of the population, balanced development of local economy, cause an appropriate multiplier effect by creation of business opportunities, employment and income growth, etc. The paper estimates the functions of agro tourism according to the categories; in particular it analyzes the social-psychological, economic, spatial and environmental functions. The problems existing in agro tourism are revealed based on the survey of experts and tourists, in particular, these problems are underdeveloped infrastructure, shortage of suggested tourism products, low level of services, low level of accessibility to information resources, etc. The following needs are identified for the development of agrotourism and the related sectors by foreign tourists: informing tourists about new services in agro tourism in time, differentiation of products according to focus groups, direct selling of farmers' products to tourists, usage of this advantage by the municipalities with attractive tourism environment and attracting tourists, etc. The following positive effects that accompany development of agro tourism are identified: development of related sectors, creation of additional jobs, new sources of income for rural population, maintaining production of traditional products and opportunities for entering new markets, increasing employment of young people in agro tourism and related sectors, etc. Based on the identification of the problems, the possibilities for the development of agro tourism and the related sectors in socio-psychological, economic, spatial and environmental directions are suggested. Given paper also highlights the role of wine tourism in united concept of agro tourism. It is impotent to make distinction among different types of products: products that are directly connected to agrarian environment, agrarian product and agrarian location. In order to reveal the problems in the field of agro tourism researchers use different relevant criteria. Given research emphasises the role of the concept of the place in the development of agro tourism, studies the motivation of individuals toward to the tourism. In given paper comparatively perfect criteria offer by Lane (1992) is used. Lane criteria implies to evaluate the agro touristic places according six factors. The attractive touristic environment is estimated by the following criteria: historical-cultural heritage, untouched (original) natural heritage, tourism infrastructure, ethno physical environment, agro-cultural landscapes, food products (kitchen). By using methodology of Lane criterion research results identify most attractive Georgian municipalities for the development of agro tourism according to the average rate of attractiveness of the regions. The paper also substantiates the possibilities for development of related sectors in these Georgian municipalities. Findings of the research suggests that the advantages of different Georgian agro touristic areas are: ancient civilization and culture, untouchable natural inheritance, rich flora and fauna, hospitality and cousine, rich traditions and etc. Agro tourism doe not require big investments and expenditure for organizing recreational and welcoming events for tourists who seek for relaxation in ecologically friendly environment at lower expenses.Item Competitive risks in agribusiness and the ways for reducing them(Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Press, 2018) Lazariashvili, TamarThe paper studies the trends of agribusiness development in Georgia, analyzes the existing competitive risks in this field and assesses the role of the state in the development of agri-food business. While assessing competitive risks, the level of income of enterprises and individuals should be taken into consideration. Attraction of new customers by increasing the awareness and reputation of a product on new and existing markets is very important. The factors hindering the development of agri-business are identified in the paper by applying appropriate methods; the ways to solve the problems are suggested, conclusions are developed and recommendations for reducing competitive risks in agri-business are provided.Item Economic challenges facing farms in the post-pandemic era(Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Press, 2023) Lazariashvili, TamarAgriculture has always played an important role in feeding the country's population. The article examines farms in Georgia and identifies problems in this area that prevent the development of agriculture. Opportunities to reduce risk were assessed, ways to increase satisfaction with farmer support programs were identified. It is concluded that the implementation of the economic challenges of agricultural holdings is impossible without the formation of the agricultural credit system, the creation of public service structures, the uncertainty of the national market, as well as the development and implementation of an effective tax, insurance, financial system , and investment policy . The implementation of aid programs in agriculture will increase the interest and confidence of financial institutions, farmers will be provided with financial resources that will contribute to the stable development of farms. Based on the analysis of companies, conclusions are drawn about the problems in this area and recommendations for their solution are given.Item Global experience of bio product market and its challenges in Georgia in the context of sustainable well-being(B.S.LAB, 2019) Kharaishvili, Eter; Lazariashvili, Tamar; Natsvlishvili, IaThe aim of the paper are to analyze the global market of bio products and identify the potential and limitations of bio production in Georgia. The level of population interested in bio products and the increasing tendency of such interest is revealed. The work analyzes the level of competiveness on the market of bio products. The main providers and consumers of bio products are characterized and conclusion is made that the biggest consumption of organic products takes place in rich countries. In the basis of estimation of experts is considered that the market of bio products is one of the fast increasing and dynamic market. It is supposed that in the first half of the 21st century 40 percent of the technologies and world produced products will be ecological. Accordingly, the companies and producers are suggested to activate efforts toward this direction. The paper highlights and discusses the indicators of the production of bio products in the European countries, their characteristics, prices and demand tendencies. The experience of European countries in the field of production of bio products is evaluated and the basic problems in this process are exposed. With the help of desk research method and comparative analysis the opportunities of the production of bio products in Georgia are identified. Problems connected with production of bio products are revealed and perspectives of development are suggested. European model of production of bio products is analyzed and by the method of comparative analysis is proved that the production of bio products falls behind the European demands. Market of bio products in Georgia is not developed at high level but research results of consumers’ preferences shows that consumers support healthy food and they are ready to pay different (comparatively higher) price for bio products. Positive changes are in the agrarian policy of the state, namely in the direction of establishing legislative basis adequate for the bio production. Biological production is to become one of the strategic directions of development of the agriculture of Georgia as the bio market in the world maintains its niche: the demand is higher than supply. In the conditions of supporting of the development of bio production from the state the bio sector has the potential to make an important contribution to regenerate the agriculture of Georgia. Together with regenerating and spreading of traditional cultures, increasing of demands of the ecologically clean products and the development of ecotourism make the best perspective of the stability of middle farming in Georgia. In the paper some recommendations for the development of the market of the local bio products are worked out. Production of bio wine and tea are considered as potential perspectives for Georgia. With these products Georgia is able to occupy its own place of the world bio-market and succeed. The biggest producers in Europe of organic wine are Spain, France and Italy. Some of the prestigious lands turned into organic farming. In France and Horvath more than 10 percent of organic market is occupied by wine. From the developing countries the great potential of export of organic wine is to Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, Switzerland and Australia. France, Italy and Spain they are less interested in the import of organic wine as they have their enough own production. In the paper conclusions regarding to the problems existed on bio product’s market in Georgia are made and production of bio products is considered as one of the economic activity that can play important role in the process of sustainable development and increase the level of nation’s well-being. In General, European model of agriculture is desirable to be implemented in Georgia. Investigation of experience of different countries with best agricultural practice plays significant role in identification of agricultural policy priorities in Georgia and in elaboration of practical recommendations for farmers and for the whole industry. Given article discusses the current tendencies of global agriculture and agricultural policy in general and analyses the ways of how it might stimulate bio production. Paper also discusses the peculiarities of the European models of farm’s diversification, opportunities and limits of family farms in the European Union and considers the bio production as one possible way of farms diversification. The article argues that in the European Union family farms are considered as a key element of the European model of agriculture. Family farms make multifarious contribution to the European Union and to its rural economy. In Europe around 97% of farms are family farms. The European Union through its agricultural policy continues to stimulate sustainable and competitive agriculture. Family farms, often as diversified and pluriactive farms, should be considered as key element of Georgian model of agriculture.Item The role of investments in stimulating agricultural production(Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Press, 2019) Lazariashvili, TamarThe paper analyzes the investments in the agrarian sector, shows its role in the growth of production, substantiates the need of attracting investments in agricultural sector, analyzes positive and negative factors that affect attracting foreign investments and discusses the impact of the investments in agricultural sector on the development of other sectors. The paper concludes that the agricultural sector can significantly contribute to economic development. However, due to certain problems in the sector, this area is not attractive to investors. The low level of investment in the agrarian sector can be explained by several basic problems. Investments in the agrarian sector affect the development of other sectors which use agricultural products in their activities. The agrarian policy that encourages attraction of financial resources in the sector should be developed. For this purpose, active cooperation with private sector, insurance companies and microfinance organizations, specialized funds, international financial institutions and donor countries is needed; in addition, innovative, sustainable and effective models that stimulate attraction of investments in the agricultural sector should be developed.Item The role of lending system in solving agrarian problems (on the example of Georgia)(Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Press, 2021) Lazariashvili, TamarThe article analyzes the role of lending system in the agricultural sector, justifies the need for lending to the agricultural sector, discusses the positive and negative factors affecting the attraction of loans, shows the impact of loans in the agricultural sector on agricultural production. Georgia is a small country with a wide range of agricultural crops and different climatic zones. Each region, zone or culture is characterized by a certain risk. Unlike other sectors of the economy, the agrarian sector is characterized by a number of features, the consideration and timely solution of which ensures the further development of this sector. To this end, it is very important to activate the economic levers of state support, in particular, to strengthen the role of the credit sector in the agricultural sector. It is important for the state to create real legislative guarantees for agricultural development and food security. The activation of the lending mechanism of the agricultural sector will make it possible to increase the production of agricultural products in the country, which will facilitate the efficient functioning of the country’s food market and stimulate the export of food products.