Browsing by Author "Kharaishvili, Eteri"
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Item Challenges of sustainable and equal development of regions in Georgia(E3S Web of Conferences, 2021) Gechbaia, Badri; Kharaishvili, Eteri; Mushkudiani, Zurab; Goletiani, Ketevan; Tsilosani, AmiranIn the present paper is analysed opinions about the tools for sustainable development and the ways to reduce inequality. Has been estimated the importance of regional development programs and strategies as the settlement of the economic and social issues, provided proof of their role in the effective development of regional economic policy. Has been determined the concentration level of economic activity by regions using distribution index to estimate equal development of regions. Has been made the conclusion that none of the regions of Georgia is notably specialized. The concentration level of business sectors in regions is substantiated by the distribution curve. In distribution curve was considered retail and wholesale distribution, as an example of maximally near to ideal distribution. It is proved by the analysis of distribution of curves, that the concentration level of business sectors in Georgian regions is quite unequal and none of them could be highlighted in industry specialization. The paper identifies the problems related to sustainable and equal development of regions, provided conclusions and recommendations to settle the mentioned issue by their estimation. In the process of study has been determined the factors of endogenous development of regions and advisable to improve the quality and efficiency of regional development institutions through the development of trial-programs for regional development.Item Food transportation modern challenges and policy priorities in Georgia(Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Press, 2021) Kharaishvili, Eteri; Erkomaishvili, Gulnaz; Natsvlishvili, Ia; Lobzhanidze, MananaPaper evaluates the importance of transportation for economic growth and development of food markets. Delays in transportation of agro-food caused by covid-19 pandemic is analyzed and logistical problems are identified. Theoretic approach of transportation policy and rates are evaluated based on bibliographic research. It is substantiated, that effective transportation of food will play an important role in development of food markets. Therefore, by identifying challenges in transportation system and developing effective policy tools, structural adjustment of food markets according to the changes in demand will be possible. Challenges in food transportation sector has been identified by „urgency-impact quality“ matrix: weak policy support, legislative vacuum about standards of transportation and food markets, inconsistency of regulatory laws to the regulations of other countries, low level digitalization of transportation, policy for maintaining food prices in case of increased costs of transportation and other. Priorities of economic policy for stimulating transportation were identified by the ,,scheme of priorities“: need of policy support in food transportations, stimulating investments in the infrastructure of transportation, perfection of the regulatory base and harmonization with the regulations of other countries, use of pricing tools for transportation of food products, digitalization of a transportation system and a transportation corridor, providing the policy of finances in order to maintain an unified chain of transportation and food markets. In this article main directions of transportation and policy for internal regulations of grocery markets are identified: manufacturer-oriented policy, customer-oriented policy, policy for transportation management, financial policy for digitalization sector of transportation, development of food safety and quality standard, monitoring and other. A conclusion has been made in the article, that there is a positive correlation between food manufacturing and an indicator of its transportation, but, insufficient to impact an economic growth. Implementing a stimulating policy for transportation, will cause diversification of food markets, especially in European ones. Considering expanding food market and based on challenges, identified in the transportation sector policy, recommendations have been developed that are directed to policy priorities and development of food markets.Item Shipping policy of agri-food products and the formation of food markets in Georgia(MATEC Web of Conferences, 2021) Kharaishvili, Eteri; Gechbaia, Badri; Erkomaishvili, Gulnaz; Lobzhanidze, Manana; Natsvlishvili, IaThe article evaluates an importance of shipment in economic growth and the development of food markets. Delays caused in shipment of agri-food products due to the COVID-19 pandemic are analyzed, problems in logistics are identified. It is argued that by identifying challenges in the shipment system and developing effective policy mechanisms, it is possible to create food markets that meet the changing requirements. The qualty of impact-emergency matrix identifies challenges in food shipment policy: weak political support, legislative vacuum on shipping and food market standards, non-compliance of regulatory rules with regulations of other countries, low level of digitalization of shipments, policies to maintain food prices in case of increase in shipment costs, etc. The article concludes that the correlation between food production and its shipment rates is positive, however, insufficient to impact economic growth. Pursuing a transport-stimulating policy will lead to the diversification of the food markets, especially in European markets. Considering the development of the food market and the challenges identified in the field of shipment policy, recommendations have been developed towards policy priorities and directions of the development of food markets.Item Shipping policy of agri-food products and the formation of food markets in Georgia(MATEC Web of Conferences Volume 339 (2021), 2021) Kharaishvili, Eteri; Gechbaia, Badri; Erkomaishvili, Gulnaz; Lobzhanidze, Manana; Natsvlishvili, IaThe article evaluates an importance of shipment in economic growth and the development of food markets. Delays caused in shipment of agri-food products due to the COVID-19 pandemic are analyzed, problems in logistics are identified. It is argued that by identifying challenges in the shipment system and developing effective policy mechanisms, it is possible to create food markets that meet the changing requirements. The qualty of impact-emergency matrix identifies challenges in food shipment policy: weak political support, legislative vacuum on shipping and food market standards, non-compliance of regulatory rules with regulations of other countries, low level of digitalization of shipments, policies to maintain food prices in case of increase in shipment costs, etc. The article concludes that the correlation between food production and its shipment rates is positive, however, insufficient to impact economic growth. Pursuing a transport-stimulating policy will lead to the diversification of the food markets, especially in European markets. Considering the development of the food market and the challenges identified in the field of shipment policy, recommendations have been developed towards policy priorities and directions of the development of food markets.Item Trade and economic relations between Georgia and the Czech Republic: challenges in export and import of agri-food products(E3S Web of Conferences, 2021) Gechbaia, Badri; Kharaishvili, Eteri; Zviadadze, Ekaterine; Mushkudiani, Zurab; Tsilosani, AmiranThe article evaluates the importance of trade and economic relations between countries in economic growth. At a time of globalization has been identified the existing problems of the international division of labor for Georgia. Substantiated that the development of trade and economic relations is an important challenge in the condition of a low level of food provision for the population of Georgia. From this perspective, it is relevant to analyse the export-import of agriproducts with those European countries that have similar resource potential, geographic proximity, socio-economic and political characteristics to Georgia, among of which is the Czech Republic. Based on the theories of international trade, in order to assess the trade and economic potential between Georgia and the Czech Republic and to determine trends of development, has been studied main indicators of the above-mentioned countries. Comparative analysis of the data showed that quantitative indexes are similar between these two countries, while the qualitative data in the Czech Republic is higher as compared to Georgia. The paper discusses the agriculture of Georgia as one of the main sources of economic growth, therefore, to increase the resource potential of the sector needs to develop foreign trade and economic relations with the agriproducts. Based on analysis of data on export-import of agriproducts between Georgia and the Czech Republic, has been concluded that the trade balance between the countries is variable and trade and economic relations are at the development stage. The main challenge in agriproduct trade between the countries is a low level of import-export diversification of agriproducts. At the same time, it is substantiated, that the cooperation with the Czech Republic perspective for Georgia not only in trade but also in the sphere of investments and modern technologies. The article argues the need for an optimal ratio of exports and imports in the development of trade and economic relations. Through the empirical studies the current challenges of export and import of agri-food products between Georgia and the Czech Republic have been identified; export-import ratios have been analysed by product type; and the ways to improve trade and economic cooperation between the two countries have been outlined. Promising areas of economic relations and export-import between Georgia and the Czech Republic have been developed.