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Browsing Conference of Workshop Item by Subject "20-იანი წლები"
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Item მთავლიტი და ლიტერატურა (მეოცე საუკუნის 60-იანი წლები). GLAVLIT AND LITERATURE (IN THE SIXTIES OF THE 20TH CENTURY)(2022-07-14) წერეთელი/ Tsereteli, ნინო/ NinoFounded on June 6, 1922, Glavlit initially as the “Main Directorate for Literary and Publishing Affairs”, after specification of its functions changed its name on “Main Administration for Protection of Military and State Secrets in the Press”. At that time, particular importance was attached to ideological censorship this period was marked by the strictest resolutions, such as “On printed matters” (1931), “On the transformation of literary and artistic organizations” (1932) “On the publication of children’s literature” (1933). The change of political orientations, commonly known as the “Thaw” led to the weakening of Glavlit’s role. It retained the most important function – the protection of state and military secrets. From this period on, the “stagnation era” started. In 1969, a secret resolution of the Central Committee came into force, the main purpose of which was the destruction of unwanted information or works of art before they came out. Under these conditions, the functions of censors and editors were strengthened. Authors’ self-censorship is also special. In conditions of enforced state control, the selection of foreign authors for translation used to be carried out with particular care. This process was monitored by a special department of the Glavlit. Translators were also subjected to ideological pressure. Each translation was considered in connection with the propagation of the principles and ideals of Soviet policy. It is noteworthy that in the 1960s a special responsibility fell on book reviewers, who were instructed to constantly monitor second-hand bookshops for exposure of anti-Soviet, anti-Bolshevik, politically harmful and religious literature. The books of authors who were called “enemies of the people” were treated with particular severity (Samizdat publications, prohibited literature – literature placed in special funds).