სოლომონ ლიონიძე და 1796 წელს ერეკლე II-ის წინააღმდეგ მოწყობილი შეთქმულება

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creativework.keywordsქართლ-კახეთის სამეფო, ერეკლე II, სოლომონლიონიძე
dc.contributor.authorდათუაშვილი, გიორგი / Datuashvili, Giorgi
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-06T11:42:20Z
dc.date.available2026-02-06T11:42:20Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionhttps://geohistory.humanities.tsu.ge/ge/procedings/83-shromebi/180-shromebi-21.html ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტის ჰუმანიტარულ მეცნიერებათა ფაკულტეტის საქართველოს ისტორიის ინსტიტუტის შრომები შესულია ERIH PLUS-ში (The European Reference Index for the Humanities and the Social Sciences). This journal was approved on 23.10.2024 according to ERIH PLUS criteria for inclusion.
dc.description.abstractIn Georgian historiography, we find a conspiracy against Erekle II in 1796, in which mainly Tbilisi merchants and people close to them participated. It is known that this conspiracy was reported to the king by Solomon Lionidze and the conspiracy ended in vain. As is known, Solomon Lionidze is considered a loyal associate of Erekle II. In addition to his diplomatic service, he was also a good warrior, which is why he received a certificate of honor from the king early on, so it is confusing that the king punished him at the same time as the conspiracy was revealed. The reason for the conspiracy is the economic factor. The battle of Krtsanis in 1795 and the sacking of Tbilisi dealt a great political blow to the country and the population. As a result, great losses were incurred in the trade-workshop sector and the economy as a whole. Therefore, the disgruntled citizens tried to organize a conspiracy against the king It should also be noted that at the time of the raid on Tbilisi, the Persian attitude of the citizens was greatly weakened. The conspiracy of 1796 against King Erekle should be related to this situation. In the article, we integrated the opinions expressed in Georgian historiography. The researchers expressed their opinions, but we think it was necessary to clarify some details. In the work, we integrated historical documents and archival materials. There are a number of documents that confirm that Tumanishvili, Bebutashvili and others confronted Solomon Lionidze. Some of them were officials. It was also interesting to discuss the letters written by Goderdzi, one of the figures of the conspiracy, as well as the role of Dimitri Orbeliani in provoking Lionidze. Obviously, these materials were about Solomon Lionidze and the conspiracy. The discovery of Solomon Lionidze in the crime was doubtful considering that we are facing his rapid political rehabilitation. Solomon Lionidze's letter to Erekle II on August 5, 1797 is preserved in the Korneli Kekelidze National Center of Manuscripts, on the basis of which it can be assumed that by the beginning of August 1797, Erekle II confessed Solomon's innocence. In addition, there are other archival materials, for example, the certificate book issued by Queen Darejani, which refers to the return of estates after the acquittal of Solomon Lionidze by Erekle II. In addition, there are other archival materials, for example, the certificate book issued by Queen Darejani, which refers to the return of estates after the acquittal of Solomon Lionidze by Erekle II. It is clear from the documents that Solomon Lionidze cited the fact that his enemies exposed him unfairly as the reason for his political degradation. Among the enemies, we should consider Tumanishvili, Bebutashvili, Goderdzi, Dimitri Orbeliani and others. As it turned out, Dimitri Orbeliani, Tumanishvili and other enemies were of Russian political orientation. Therefore, Russia's political plans for both Kartli-Kakheti and the region as a whole in 1796 are interesting. It is known that after the tragedy of Krtsanis, there was still a threat of Agha-Mohammed-Khan's invasion, so the Georgian side asked Russia for help. According to the decision of Catherine II, in December 1795, two Russian battalions entered Georgia, and two battalions were sent to Dagestan. Finally, the campaign in the South Caucasus began in 1796 and the troops were commanded by Valerian Zubov. Ganja, which had been under the power of King Erekle for years, was decided by the Russian side to settle 2,000 young Russians. It should also be said that General Zubov, sent in connection with the campaign in Iran in 1796, tried to send Batonishvili – Iulon, sons of Alexander Erekle and son of Davit Giorgi to Russia. The reason was given by Queen Darejan's desire to take her son Iulon as king, bypassing Giorgi Erekle's son. Zubov spread the word that all this would cause unrest in Eastern Georgia, and therefore Batonishvili should be recalled to Russia. According to the information mentioned above, Russia's expansionist plans can be seen. As officials of the empire participated in the implementation of these goals, it was such a group that opposed Solomon Lionidze, it was the force that provoked the secretary and ultimately played a big role in depriving him of his political rights. It appeared that in 1796 local forces were operating against Erekle II. They, in turn, confronted Solomon Lionidze. Solomon prevented the conspirators from realizing their goals. All this was followed by the provocation of the judge by the local forces and practically his political punishment, as for the issue of rehabilitation, based on the historical documents published with antiquities and archival materials, we can conclude that he was soon rehabilitated by King Erekle due to his innocence.
dc.identifier.citationივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტის საქართველოს ისტორიის ინსტიტუტის შრომები, XXI, თბილისი, 2025, გვ. 310-323 / Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Institute of Georgian History Proceedings, XXI, Tbilisi, 2025, p. 310-323
dc.identifier.issn1987–9970
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.tsu.ge/handle/123456789/2674
dc.language.isoother
dc.publisherივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტის გამომცემლობა
dc.titleსოლომონ ლიონიძე და 1796 წელს ერეკლე II-ის წინააღმდეგ მოწყობილი შეთქმულება
dc.title.alternativeSOLOMON LIONIDZE AND CONSPIRACY OF 1796 AGAINST EREKLE II
dc.typeArticle
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