დვალეთის ქართული ონომასტიკა

Abstract

The report discusses the onomastic empirical material of the indigenous historical-ethnographic region of Georgia − Dvaleti and Dvals (Dval − ethnic Georgians, Georgian ethnographic group) considering the onomastic universals, its linguistic and extralinguistic aspects. The study pays special attention to toponymy, in particular, oikonyms, as lexical units denoting habitat, the in-depth study of which allows us to consider this linguistic phenomenon in different contexts, in particular, to determine its relation to different fields of science (geography, geology, biology and astrology), history, archeology, Psycholinguistics and its relation to extralinguistic and psycholinguistic factors. The report discusses onomastics in terms of the origin of each onom and their relation to the spoken language or already extinct language (Ossetian, Georgian). Structural-semantic analysis of Dvaleti onomastics, especially the linguistic study of oikonyms (Oikonimia is a Greek word οἶκοςὄνομα, which means “dwelling”, “city”) confirms the “addressee” unambiguity of toponyms and emphasizes the importance of onomas Archeology, Economic History, Folklore. Often toponyms are older than written monuments, in this case toponymy is the subject of research in historical lexicology, dialectology, archeology ”(Glonti, 1988: 235). A review of Dvaleti oikonyms confirms that oikonyms are formed during the settlement of ethnic groups in a particular area. These terms are related to various historical-geographical, religious-cultural events. The report shows how the onomas change diachronically with the epoch-making changes in the Dvaleti area, or this onomastka retains its original appearance and, better than all historical sources, unmistakably “tells” the history of this ethnic group (language and linguistic material is history that cannot be falsified). The report analyzes Dvaleti onomastics in full and, especially, the “core” of toponymy − oikonomies, the lexical meaning of these toponyms, the etymology of the names, the structural of the name, the syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations of the nominations. The results of extralinguistic, psycholinguistic, semasiological and contrast studies of the problem are presented together with the linguistic relations. The report discusses the types of oikonyms: geographical, historical, anthroponymic, zoonymous, folk (etymological), metamorphotic. Based on all the above, it is concluded that the Dval are one of the extinct ethnolinguistic groups of Georgians, whose habitat is located in the territory of the historic Dvaleti in the Central Caucasus, as evidenced by the Georgian onoms in the area and their linguistic analysis. This conclusion is in full agreement with the results of Dvaleti historiographical and ethnographic research.