XVI-XVIII საუკუნეების დასავლეთ საქართველოს ეკონომიკური ისტორის საკითხები (სასოფლო-სამეურნეო პროდუქციის ფასები და მისი გავლენა ყოფით ცხოვრებაზე)
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Date
2018
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Abstract
The Ottoman Empire became neighbour of fragmented Georgia in the last
quarter of the 15th Century. The roads that connected western and eastern
countries were under Ottoman control. According to 1555 peace treaty of
Amasya, western Georgian states were under Ottoman dominion and East
Georgia was under Iranian rule. Economic union collapsed between those two
parts of Georgia. Ottomans were in full control of customs on the roads leading
from West Georgia to other countries.
The Ottomans were interested in economic hardship of Western Georgian
population in order to establish the trade of slaves as the most profitable source
of income for them. Western Georgian lands were less profitable. They scarcely
grew wheat which was the main product in Medieval times. Apparently wheat
and other commodities were imported from East Georgia to West Georgia,
while local products were almost never imported to East Georgia.
According to the historical sources, as a result of economic isolation of
West Georgia the prices on local commodities were 6, 7 or even 10 times
cheaper when the prices in Ottoman Empire from 16th century to the midst of
18th century. The same products were 3 times cheaper to the prices of Eastern
Georgian products. This was a result of economic isolation of West Georgia by
the Ottomans. Some products had never been exported from West Georgia and
some others are purchased for very low prices, while price for the slaves were
much higher.
In contrast to exported goods imported Ottoman products in West
Georgia such as salt, clothes, military weapons and agrarian tools were very
expensive. This economic reality facilitated the slave trade. This situation
changed in the midst of the 18th century when Kartli and Kakheti were liberated from Iranian domination. Independent Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti emerged as
the neighboring country of West Georgia. Economic division of western and
eastern parts of Georgia was completed. Preferential custom prices were
established on the goods exported from West Georgia to East Georgia. The
large amount of goods was imported in Tbilisi or in the other cities of East
Georgia from the western part of Georgia. Salt and other products were
imported from Tbilisi in regular prices in West Georgia.
As a result of these circumstances, the prices on commodity were
increased drastically in West Georgia in second half of the 18th century. During
this period prices in Kartli-Kakheti and West Georgia were equal to each other.
Therefore, West Georgia escaped the economic isolation. King of Imereti
Solomon I (1752-1784) successfully used this situation for his benefit and
started fierce struggle against the slave trade.
Description
https://geohistory.humanities.tsu.ge/ge/procedings/83-shromebi/171-shromebi-14.html
Keywords
ფასები, ყოფითი ისტორია, ეკონომიკური ისტორია, დასავლეთ საქართველო
Citation
ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტის საქართველოს ისტორიის ინსტიტუტის შრომები, XIV, თბილისი, 2018, გვ. 245-278 / Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Institute of Georgian History Proceedings, XIV, Tbilisi, 2018, pp. 245-278