სვანეთი რომაულ სასაზღვრო ციხე-სიმაგრეების სისტემაში
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Date
2014
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მერიდიანი
Abstract
Romano-Georgian relations date back to the 1st century B.C. and are
divided into several phases. Some scholars think that Roman garrisons first
appeared in Colchis during Augustus’ reign (63 BC. – 14 AD.), others – in the
60s of the 1st century, the third group – by the reign of Vespasian (69-79 AD.).
Most of scholars think that Roman garrisons were placed in the remote points to
oversee the Darial and Daruband passes. Probably barbarian raids from the
North of the Caucasian mountains represented very acute problem in the 1st
century AD. The placement of Roman garrisons served two aims: to defend
Rome’s Eastern provinces; to gain control over the Caucasus. The barbarians
from the North could always disturb political equilibrium in the Roman East.
Considering this it was hardly surprising that the Romans tried to establish
control over the Caucasus range. Without it Rome would not be able to stop
barbarian raids and to secure trade over the Black Sea. In my opinion the
Romans, apart from the Darial and Daruband, controlled the passes with the
help of the locals, Svanetians.
The proposed theory is borne out by the artifacts unearthed during the
TSU archaeological expedition of Svaneti (guided by Z. Kvitsiani) in Shkhibari,
village Zeda Marghi, Chuberi district. In depth of 50 cm. in the ditch around an
observing post a “T”-like fibula was found. This is the first finding of such a
fibula. By controlling the passes with the Svanetians’ help, the Romans were
able to control barbarian movements from beyond the mountain range. The
Roman presence also enabled the establishment and expansion of Roman
culture. Roman traditions played huge role in Colchis’ and, in particular,
Svaneti’s future historical-cultural development, which was oriented towards
the Christian world.
The newly-found artifacts further strengthen the above-mentioned theory
that for the control of the mountain passes the Romans were helped with the
local auxiliary force. Svaneti in Roman times served as one of the strategic and
military regions.
Description
https://geohistory.humanities.tsu.ge/ge/procedings/83-shromebi/161-shromebi-8.html
Keywords
სვანეთი, ციხე-სიმაგრეები, დარიალი, დარუბანდი, კოლხეთი
Citation
ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტის საქართველოს ისტორიის ინსტიტუტის შრომები, VIII, თბილისი, 2013-2014, გვ. 52-65 / Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Institute of Georgian History Proceedings, VIII, Tbilisi, 2013-2014, pp. 52-65