საქართველო და გარე სამყარო – კომპარატივისტული შტუდიები (ანტიკური ხანის გლობალური პარალელები)
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Date
2012
Authors
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მერიდიანი
Abstract
Multitude of the countries around the world mostly have the similar
evolutions, some of them being vanguard for a while, then changing their status
completely (i.e. first, Asian economic systems formed the vanguard, then
Europe has become superior). They follow the same stages of cognitive
development but pass them in different times. Some of those similarities
(especially, the ones tied up thoroughly with a phenomenon of state) are
checked here again within the different ethnocultures to prove reality of mostly
common directions in cognitive development. And the way is as follows – from
Primitive Communism to Protofeudalism, from Protofeudalism to Feudalism,
and then – towards Capitalism.
Only two countries have different way – Greece and Italy. It looks like
this – Primitive Communism – Protofeudalism/Feudalism (quick shift) – I cycle
of Capitalism (Antiquity, Byzantium) – Protocapitalism (decline) – II cycle of
Capitalism (for Italy from the 14th c.). Graeco-Roman societies were alone
possessing capitalistic visages, while Italy of the 14th -15th cc. has been soon
joined by other European countries, having essence that of II cycle Capitalism.
These two cycles are also object of observation now.
Somebody thought of a state as dominated by a person or some persons.
But most brilliant minds considered a state as a certain common agreement in
order to keep lives, properties and economics tidy. To denote a state, they chose
similat verbal constructions, either in Greece (country of I cycle of Capitalism),
or in Modern Europe (countries of II cycle of Capitalism). Those verbal
constructions are as follows – tØ sun llagma/agreement, treaty for Aristotle,
common agreement for J. Lilburne and contract social for J. J. Rousseau.
Genesis of a social contract came through unification of the clans, having
the strongest clan as a ruling one. And strongest clan was nothing else but three possessions put together thus forming super-clan. Many cities all over the world
called Tripolis are the reflections of this mechanism. Eastern Georgians
(Iberians for the Greeks) had their capital Mtskheta comprising several isolated
districts.
Once in power, victorious clans refused the others to have arms. Lydian
and Georgian cases are discussed.
Sometimes, general term for a ruler is transformed into proper name.
Again, Lydian and Georgian cases are discussed.
Hittite seals have naked goddess sitted on a bull depicted on them.This is
also the way how the Greeks presented Europa. And on the silver coins of
Phasis in Colchis (Western Georgia) we have kneeling female figure, naked,
with a bull’s head. Local amalgamation for Europa?!
As for the Georgian proper names, both, Scytho-Sarmatian and Iranian
worlds contributed much. Roman nomen was also present there.
Many more parallels can be observed there. ex. Some of the European
barbarians had two hegemons elected for a year from ruling clan, and Iberians
for a certain period had two kings from the ruling clan with their power limited
in time, passing it to the next pair from the same clan, etc.
Description
https://geohistory.humanities.tsu.ge/ge/procedings/83-shromebi/146-shromebi-5.html
Keywords
ევროპა, საქართველო, პროტოფეოდალიზმი, ფეოდალიზმი
Citation
ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტის საქართველოს ისტორიის ინსტიტუტის შრომები, V, თბილისი, 2012, გვ. 9-17 / Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Institute of Georgian History Proceedings, V, Tbilisi, 2012, pp. 9-17