მასალები სიქანელისძეთა ფეოდალური სახლის ისტორიისათვის (XIII-XIV სს.)

Abstract

Feudal family of the Sikanelisdzes is among those noble Georgian families of the Middle Ages Georgia about whom we have quite poor historical sources. The Georgian scientists had not attempted to study the history of this feudal family before. The given work aims to fill up this gap. From the point of view of historical researches and source studies four written historical sources connected with the feudal family of the Sikanelisdzes are studied in the work. These are as follows: a) a fragment of “Chronicle of hundred years” (the 14th century) by Georgian anonymous chronicler, where we read about the events that took place in 1281; b) the lapidary inscription of the Karneti church (the 13th - 14th century) (Karneti was a village in Javakheti, now municipality of Akhalkalaki); c) the lapidary inscription of the village church of Didi Khorenia (the 1250/1260s – 1280s) (Javakheti, the municipality of Akhalkalaki); and d) № 269 agape (memorial) of the Georgian Cross Monastery’s memorials book from Jerusalem (the second half of the 13th century and the first half of the 14th century). On the basis of the above listed written sources different problems of lives and activities of the Sikanelisdzes feudal family four representatives are completely studied. They are as follows: 1. Vardan Sikanelisdze – a nobleman of the Catholicos’ church in Mtskheta, the same as mtskhetisshvili (a son of Mtsketa), to whom in the 13th - 14th centuries four villages belonging to Mtskheta in Javakheti – Khviranio (modern Didi and Patara Khorenias), Devani (modern waste villages of Devati), Arji (modern Orja) and “Mlsheni” (modern waste village Mukhrasheni) – were given for “service” by Catholicos. 2. Choga Sikanelisdze – mtskhetisshvili, the close relative of Vardan Sikanelisdze, who in the 1250/1260s - 1280s with the money of Catholicos and the king of Eastern Georgia finished building of the Didi Khoreni church extensions. 3. Abash Sikanelisdze – mtskhetisshvili, a son of Choga Sikanelisdze, who participated in the battle between the Mongols and the Egyptians near Hims in 1281. He, with a great risk, managed to rescue from inevitable death king Demetre II the Devoted and the whole Georgian army. 4. Anna, ex-Apha, Sikanelisdze – the close relative of Vardan, Choga and Abash Sikanelisdzes. She was a noble woman who was ordained as a nun. Each July 15, between the second half of the13th century and the first half of the 14th century, “liturgy and memorial service-agape” was served in the Georgian Cross Monastery of Jerusalem on her behalf.