ქართული ზმნის უღლებადი ფორმების კლასიფიკაციის პრინციპებისათვის
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Date
2023
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ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტის გამომცემლობა
Abstract
We distinguish three types of diatheses; each of them groups verbs with the same
morphological structure and syntactic construction.
Diathesis is a grammatically marked category defined by the combination of
(morphological) structure and (syntactic) construction. Its semantic subcategory is voice.
Voice can not be considered a grammatically marked category of the Georgian verb since the
grammatical characteristics of the three semantically marked voices (autoactive [reflexive],
[direct and indirect transitive] active, and passive) are shared and distributed in the three
diathesis: namely, autoactive (reflexive) and active verbs with ergative construction have the
same structure (R-Ø); while passive verbs with nominative construction, as well as active
verbs containing an indirect object, and autoactive verbs – they all share the same structure
(R-ი). Synthetic forms derived through conversion do not always depict passive semantics.
This is why the new independent periphrastic form (consisting of the past objective participle
+ ‘იქმნა’ auxiliary verb) has been developed: it prevented polysemy and explicitly expressed
passive meaning. This historically secondary form (formally distinguished from autoactive
and active forms) cannot be typologically attributed to the diatheses so that the diatheses
represent the primary system of the Kartvelian verb.
Description
ეძღვნება პროფესორ ფარნაოზ ერთელიშვილის დაბადებიდან მე-100 წლისთავს/ Dedicated to the 100th Birthday of Prof. Parnaoz Ertelishvili
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Citation
სამეცნიერო შრომების კრებული, ქართველური ენათმეცნიერება, IX, 2023, გვ.: 88-98/ COLLECTED SCIENTIFIC WORKS, KARTVELIAN LINGUISTICS, IX, 2023, pp.: 88-98